![]() ![]() The Confederate States of America's leadership lost their right to vote because they lost their citizenship by committing treason. The Constitution states, "Whoever, owing allegiance to the United States, levies war against them or adheres to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort within the United States or elsewhere, is guilty of treason." At the time, their actions were viewed as treasonous. ![]() The amendment specifically disenfranchised ex-Confederates, barring them from the ballot box. The 14th Amendment granted individuals born in the United States their citizenship, including nearly 4 million freedmen. The act also directed that former Southern states seeking to reenter the Union must ratify the 14th Amendment to the Constitution to be considered for readmission. Passed on March 2nd, 1867, the first Military Reconstruction Act divided the ex-Confederate states into five military districts and placed them under martial law with Union Generals governing. NPS Image Congressional Reconstruction, or the Military Reconstruction Acts Thaddeus (Driver of Engine "Congress") - "Well it ain't me that's going to do it! You bet!" (Driver of Engine "President") - "Look here! One of us has got to back!" ![]() The last one, issued Christmas Day 1868, granted sweeping pardons to former Confederates, including former Confederate President Jefferson Davis.įrank Leslie's Illustrated Newspapers lampooned the standoff between the President and Congress:Ī.J. Johnson issued over 13,000 pardons during his administration, and he passed several amnesty proclamations. Under the plan, Confederate leaders would have to apply directly to President Johnson in order to request pardon. Then they could re-write their state constitutions, hold elections, and begin sending representatives to Washington. The Confederate states would be required to uphold the 13th Amendment, which abolished slavery swear loyalty to the Union and pay off their war debt. In addition, the plan called for granting amnesty and returning people's property if they pledged to be loyal to the United States. Johnson's plan also called for loyalty from ten percent of the men who had voted in the 1860 election. Presidential "Restoration," or Andrew Johnson's Plan for Reconstructionįollowing Abraham Lincoln's death, President Andrew Johnson based his reconstruction plan on Lincoln's earlier measure. His amnesty proclamations, however, emboldened former Confederate leaders to regain their former seats of power in local and national governments, fueling tensions with freedmen in the South and Republican lawmakers in the North. He formulated a lenient plan, based on Lincoln's earlier 10% plan, to allow the Southern states to begin holding elections and sending representatives back to Washington. Were the Confederate states still part of the Union, or, by seceding, did they need to reapply for statehood with new standards for admission?Īndrew Johnson's view, as stated above, was that the war had been fought to preserve the Union. You are all talking too much about it.įollowing the Union victory in the Civil War, the nation faced the uncertainty of what would happen next. A political cartoon referencing Reconstruction - Columbia says: Now, Andy, I wish you and your boys would hurry up that job, because I want to use that kettle right away. ![]()
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